Signs and symptoms
These cycles often involve rapid and out-of-control eating, which may stop when the bulimic is interrupted by another person or the stomach hurts from overextension, followed by self-induced vomiting or other forms of purging. This cycle may be repeated several times a week or, in more serious cases, several times a day, and may directly cause:
* Chronic gastric reflux after eating.
* Dehydration and hypokalemia caused by frequent vomiting.
* Electrolyte imbalance, which can lead to cardiac arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, and even death.
* Esophagitis, or inflammation of the esophagus.
* Oral trauma, in which repetitive insertion of fingers or other objects causes lacerations to the lining of the mouth or throat.
* Gastroparesis or delayed emptying.
* Constipation.
* Infertility.
* Enlarged glands in the neck, under the jaw line.
* Peptic ulcers.
* Calluses or scars on back of hands due to repeated trauma from incisors.
* Constant weight fluctuations.
Los signos y síntomas
Estos ciclos a menudo implican rápida y perdida del apetito, que puede dejar cuando la bulimia es interrumpida por otra persona o el estómago duele, seguido de vómitos auto-inducidos u otras formas de purga. Este ciclo puede repetirse varias veces a la semana o, en casos más graves, varias veces al día, y puede causar:
* Crónica de reflujo gástrico después de comer
* La deshidratación y la hipopotasemia causada por los vómitos frecuentes
* Desequilibrio de electrolitos, lo que puede llevar a la arritmia cardíaca, paro cardíaco, e incluso la muerte
* La esofagitis o inflamación del esófago
* Traumatismo oral, en los que la inserción repetitivos de los dedos u otros objetos causa laceraciones en la mucosa de la boca o la garganta
* La gastroparesia o retraso en el vaciado
* El estreñimiento
* Infertilidad
* Glándulas ampliada en el cuello, debajo de la línea de la mandíbula
* Las úlceras pépticas
* Los callos o cicatrices en el dorso de las manos debido a traumatismos repetidos de los incisivos
* Fluctuaciones de peso constante
Los signos y síntomas
Bulimics are much more likely than non-bulimics to have an affective disorder, such as depression or general anxiety disorder: A 1985 Columbia University study on female bulimics at New York State Psychiatric Institute found 70% had suffered depression some time in their lives (as opposed to 25.8% for adult females in a control sample from the general population), rising to 88% for all affective disorders combined. Another study by the Royal Children's Hospital in Melbourne on a cohort of 2000 adolescents similarly found that those meeting at least two of the DSM-IV criteria for bulimia nervosa or anorexia nervosa had a sixfold increase in risk of anxiety and a doubling of risk for substance dependency. Bulimia also has negative effects on the sufferer's dental health due to the acid passed through the mouth from frequent vomiting causing acid erosion, mainly on the posterior dental surface.
